Terms and What They Mean #3

Reference table #3 to assist you with the words. Next time you need to refer, just click on "Glossary of Terms" label to the right.

TERM	OTHER FORMS OF SPELLING	MEANING
(as)		Alaihi salam. Arabic salutation after mentioning any of the Nabis (beside Muhammad), meaning 'upon him peace'. Sometimes also used for the angel 'Jibril'.
(ra)		Radiallahu 'anh. Arabic salutation after mentioning a companion of Prophet Muhammad. Sometimes also used after prominent ulama. Means 'Allah is pleased with him/her'.
(rh)		Rahimullahu 'alaih. Arabic salutation after mentioning a deceased muslim. Sometimes reserved for ulama and selected people only. Means 'may Allah's mercy be upon him'.
(saw)		Sollallahu alaihi wasallam. Arabic salutation after mentioning the name of Prophet Muhammad, meaning 'Allah's greetings and peace upon him'.
Barakah		Benefit or blessing transmitted from those closer to Allah.
Faqih		A person knowledgable in Fiqh.
Fiqh	Fekah	Islamic ruling or law. Together with Tauhid and Tasawwuf form 3 branches of Islamic knowledge that each Muslim is required to learn.
Iftirasy		The method of sitting during non-final tasyahhuds, where both legs are folded backwards and supports the posterior.
Ilm	Ilm, Ilmu	Knowledge.
Isra' and Mi'raj		The miraculous event when Allah made Prophet Muhammad travel from Mecca to Jerusalem, then to the heavens, then back to Mecca, all in a matter of minutes. Allah gave order to Prophet Muhammad to perform solah 5 times a day.
Khalaf		Muslims of later generation than the 'Salaf'.
Malaikah	Malaikat	Angels. The leader is named Jibril.
Maqam	Makam	Spritual status. In another meaning, maqam refers to grave.
Martabat		Status
Maryam		Mary, mother of Nabi Isa (as).
Nabi		A person selected by Allah to become His messenger.There are hundred of thousand of them, started with Adam, and ended with Muhammad.
Rasul		A person selected by Allah to become His messenger. His responsibility is wider than a Nabi's. To be explained in future lessons if God wills. Out of hundred thousand Nabis, only 313 of them are ranked as Rasuls (Adam and Muhammad included).
Sahabah		Literally 'friends' or 'companions'. Most of the time, this refers to contemporaries of Prophet Muhammad (saw).
Salaf		The pious and knowledgable generation of Muslims within 300 years of the death of Prophet Muhammad (saw).
Sayyidina	Saidina	Literally means 'our master' or 'our leader'. 'Sayyidina Muhammad' would mean 'Our leader Prophet Muhammad'.
Syaikh	Sheikh	Master or teacher. Usually reserved for the very pious ones. In Malaysia, they are called 'Tuan Guru', in Indonesia 'Kiyai' or 'Syiah', in Southern Thailand 'Baba', in Phillipines 'Maulana'.
Tafsir	Tafseer	Literally means 'explanation'. Usually refers to the explanation (or exegesis) of Al-Quran.
Tasawwuf	Tasauf, Sufism	Science of cleansing the heart from flawed characters. Together with Tauhid and Fiqh form 3 branches of Islamic knowledge that each Muslim is required to learn.
Waqaf	Wakaf	Charity. Money or materials set aside for the needy.
Wudu'	Wudu	Ablution. Cleaning the face, hands, forehead, and feet before performing solah or touching the Quran.
Yaqin	Yakin, Yaqeen	True conviction. With confidence.

Wallahu a'lam

Terms and What They Mean #2

Reference table #2 to assist readers with the words. Next time you need to refer, just click on "Glossary of Terms" label to the right.

TERM	OTHER FORMS OF SPELLING	MEANING
Ashab		Group of people. Ashabul-A'raf = 'Those (group of people) on the elevated place'
Asr	Asar	One of the 5 daily solahs. Performed after noon.
Dalil	Daleel	Proof, evidence, citation, argument.
Dalil 'Aqli		Proof by reason or intelligence.
Dalil Naqli		Proof by citing arguments from divine sources (al-Quran or hadith).
Isya'	Isyak	One of the 5 daily solahs. Performed after the sun has completely set.
Jahannam		Hell.
Jannah		Heaven.
Khudu'		Humble
Khusyu'		Full of concentration
Maghrib		One of the 5 daily solahs. Performed exactly after sunset.
Masbuq		As opposed to Muafiq.
Muafiq		A person who is able to complete al-Fatihah recital before the imam ruku's.
Munfarid		Someone who performs solah alone, not in congregation.
Mustahil		Impossible.
Ratib		Same meaning with wirid.
Silsilah	Salasilah	Chain of transmission. Usually presented to establish authenticity of a wirid or ratib.
Subuh		One of the 5 daily solahs. Performed before sunrise.
Tadabbur		Recite the words carefully and in full understanding.
Tarawih	Taraweeh	Optional (sunnah) solah done during nights of Ramadan.
Tariqah	Tariqat	Sufi order.Among the famous ones are Naqsyabandiah, Rafi'iyyah, Ahmadiyyah, Syaziliah, Syatariah.
Tasyahhud		Sitting after the 2 sujuds at selected raka'ahs of solah. The first tasyahhud is always during the 2nd raka'ah. While the final tasyahhud is during 3rd or 4th raka'ah. Sometimes a person joins the congregation late, so he ends up with more than 2 tasyahhuds.
Tawarruk		The method of sitting during final tasyahhud, where both legs are folded backwards. The left then is crossed and inserted underneath the right. The posterior ends up on the floor. The body inclines slightly to the left.
Wirid	Wird	Supplementary prayers or chant recited outside of solah. Usually recited for specific purposes.
Witir	Witr	Optional (sunnah) solah done after Isya'.
Zuhur	Zuhr, Zohor	One of the 5 daily solahs. Performed at midday.

Wallahu a'lam.

Terms and What They Mean

I'm including some kind of reference table here to assist the readers with the words I use. Next time you need to refer, just click on "Glossary of Terms" label to the right.

TERM	OTHER SPELLING	MEANING
Abdu		Servant. Example: Abdullah = 'Servant of Allah'
Adab	Adaab	The proper way or etiquette.
Amin	Ameen, Amen	Invocation at the end of Al-Fatihah or do'a meaning "O God please accept".
Aqidah	Aqeedah	Creed or conviction.
Aql	Aqal	Intelligence.
Batin		Inner or hidden side of things (as opposed to Zahir).
Do'a	Du'a, doa	Supplication, prayer.
Fardu Ain		Obligatory thing imposed on each person. Leaving it makes it sinful.
Fardu Kifayah		Obligatory thing imposed on a community. At least one person from that community has to do it.
Fasiq		Defiant. Someone who regularly commits sin.
Haj	Hajj, Haji	Pilgrimage to Mecca.
Haram		Not allowed.
Ikhlas		Sincere.
Istirahah		Relaxed. Sitting in istirahah means sitting with both legs folded backwards.
I'tidal	Iktidal	The standing up position after returning from ruku'.
Ja'iz	Harus	Voluntary thing that you may or may not do.
Maulud	Maulid, Mawlid	Birth of prophet Muhammad (saw).
Mustahil		Impossible. Does not make sense.
Qiblah	Qiblat	Direction of the Ka'bah in Mecca. To perform solah, one has to face the approximate direction of Ka'bah.
Qiyam	Qiam	Standing up (during solah).
Qunut		A special supplication done during Subuh solah.
Ruku'		Bowing during solah.
Rukun	Rukn	Obligatory elements of solah. Skipping any of it nullifies a solah.
Sifat		Attribute.
Solah	Salah, salaah, solat, namaz	Action of praying or worshipping for a Muslim.
Sujud	sujood	Prostrate during solah.
Sunnah		Non-obligatory things that you do in solah, zakah, or everyday life. Doing it will get you reward, but leaving it is not harmful.
Takbir		Saying "Allahu Akbar" meaning "God is greater"
Takbiratul-ihram		Takbir to signal beginning of a solah.
Takbiratul-intiqalat		Takbir during transition between elements in a solah.
Taqlid		Following somebody else's opinion.
Tauhid		Creed.
Telekong		The white robe used by women in South-East Asia to cover during solah.
Toma'ninah		Pause or stay still between actions in solah.
Ulama		Scholars or knowledgable people.
Wajib		Obligatory.
Zahir		Outer or visible side of things (as opposed to Batin).

Wallahu a'lam (means "Allah knows best").